How many digits in base 2 do I need to represent any odd integer from 1 to $sqrt{N}$?












2












$begingroup$


$newcommand{floor}[1]{leftlfloor #1 rightrfloor}$An example here seems best. How many digits in base 2 do I need to represent any odd integer from $1$ to $sqrt{77}$, inclusive? It seems to be essentially half the digits required for $77$ --- in base 2. We can represent $77$ with $7$ digits in base 2. Half of that is $3.5$, so we need $4$ digits in base 2. So let's change "essentially half" to "exactly $floor{n/2} + 1$, where $n$ is the number of digits in base 2 held by $N$.



Since I'm interested in the odd integers (from $1$ to $sqrt{77}$), this means that the last digit must be $1$. But if $4$ is the number of bits, then I get the wrong list in base 2: $$0001_2 = 1_{10}, 0011_2 = 3_{10}, 0101_2 = 5_{10}, 0111_2 = 7_{10}, 1001_2 = 9_{10}, ...$$



That's wrong because $9 > sqrt{77}$. So the number must be less than $4$ digits in base 2. When I try $3$, I get the correct list



$$001_2 = 1_{10}, 011_2 = 3_{10}, 101_2 = 5_{10}, 111_2 = 7_{10},$$



but I haven't found an argument to convince myself I'm right. (Will this always work? Why?)






elementary-number-theory







share|cite|improve this question









$endgroup$

















    2












    $begingroup$


    $newcommand{floor}[1]{leftlfloor #1 rightrfloor}$An example here seems best. How many digits in base 2 do I need to represent any odd integer from $1$ to $sqrt{77}$, inclusive? It seems to be essentially half the digits required for $77$ --- in base 2. We can represent $77$ with $7$ digits in base 2. Half of that is $3.5$, so we need $4$ digits in base 2. So let's change "essentially half" to "exactly $floor{n/2} + 1$, where $n$ is the number of digits in base 2 held by $N$.



    Since I'm interested in the odd integers (from $1$ to $sqrt{77}$), this means that the last digit must be $1$. But if $4$ is the number of bits, then I get the wrong list in base 2: $$0001_2 = 1_{10}, 0011_2 = 3_{10}, 0101_2 = 5_{10}, 0111_2 = 7_{10}, 1001_2 = 9_{10}, ...$$



    That's wrong because $9 > sqrt{77}$. So the number must be less than $4$ digits in base 2. When I try $3$, I get the correct list



    $$001_2 = 1_{10}, 011_2 = 3_{10}, 101_2 = 5_{10}, 111_2 = 7_{10},$$



    but I haven't found an argument to convince myself I'm right. (Will this always work? Why?)






    elementary-number-theory







    share|cite|improve this question









    $endgroup$















      2












      2








      2





      $begingroup$


      $newcommand{floor}[1]{leftlfloor #1 rightrfloor}$An example here seems best. How many digits in base 2 do I need to represent any odd integer from $1$ to $sqrt{77}$, inclusive? It seems to be essentially half the digits required for $77$ --- in base 2. We can represent $77$ with $7$ digits in base 2. Half of that is $3.5$, so we need $4$ digits in base 2. So let's change "essentially half" to "exactly $floor{n/2} + 1$, where $n$ is the number of digits in base 2 held by $N$.



      Since I'm interested in the odd integers (from $1$ to $sqrt{77}$), this means that the last digit must be $1$. But if $4$ is the number of bits, then I get the wrong list in base 2: $$0001_2 = 1_{10}, 0011_2 = 3_{10}, 0101_2 = 5_{10}, 0111_2 = 7_{10}, 1001_2 = 9_{10}, ...$$



      That's wrong because $9 > sqrt{77}$. So the number must be less than $4$ digits in base 2. When I try $3$, I get the correct list



      $$001_2 = 1_{10}, 011_2 = 3_{10}, 101_2 = 5_{10}, 111_2 = 7_{10},$$



      but I haven't found an argument to convince myself I'm right. (Will this always work? Why?)






      elementary-number-theory







      share|cite|improve this question









      $endgroup$




      $newcommand{floor}[1]{leftlfloor #1 rightrfloor}$An example here seems best. How many digits in base 2 do I need to represent any odd integer from $1$ to $sqrt{77}$, inclusive? It seems to be essentially half the digits required for $77$ --- in base 2. We can represent $77$ with $7$ digits in base 2. Half of that is $3.5$, so we need $4$ digits in base 2. So let's change "essentially half" to "exactly $floor{n/2} + 1$, where $n$ is the number of digits in base 2 held by $N$.



      Since I'm interested in the odd integers (from $1$ to $sqrt{77}$), this means that the last digit must be $1$. But if $4$ is the number of bits, then I get the wrong list in base 2: $$0001_2 = 1_{10}, 0011_2 = 3_{10}, 0101_2 = 5_{10}, 0111_2 = 7_{10}, 1001_2 = 9_{10}, ...$$



      That's wrong because $9 > sqrt{77}$. So the number must be less than $4$ digits in base 2. When I try $3$, I get the correct list



      $$001_2 = 1_{10}, 011_2 = 3_{10}, 101_2 = 5_{10}, 111_2 = 7_{10},$$



      but I haven't found an argument to convince myself I'm right. (Will this always work? Why?)






      elementary-number-theory




      elementary-number-theory






      share|cite|improve this question













      share|cite|improve this question











      share|cite|improve this question




      share|cite|improve this question










      asked Dec 3 '18 at 12:54









      Luitpold AmbreLuitpold Ambre

      135




      135






















          1 Answer
          1






          active

          oldest

          votes


















          1












          $begingroup$

          The number of digits of a number $N$ in base $b$ is $log_b N+1$. So the number of digits of $sqrt{N}$ in base $2$ is



          $$log_2 sqrt{N}+1 = frac{1}{2}log_2 N +1.$$



          The $frac{1}{2}$ shows why it takes half as many digits for $sqrt{N}$ as $N$.






          share|cite|improve this answer









          $endgroup$













          • $begingroup$
            $newcommand{floor}[1]{leftlfloor #1 rightrfloor}$I think you mean $floor{log_b N} + 1$. This is only part of the answer. I'm not interested in all integers from $0$ to $sqrt{N}$, but only the odd integers. In the example I gave, we could take one bit less than $frac{1}{2}floor{log_b sqrt{N}} + 1$. If we use this exact quantity, we go up to $15$ instead of $7$. I haven't understood why this happens.
            $endgroup$
            – Luitpold Ambre
            Dec 3 '18 at 13:34












          • $begingroup$
            You're just rounding funny. If the log comes out to be an integer, then the number is a power of 2 and hence even, so you don't have to worry about integer logs. So you might as well round up and use $lceil log_2 N rceil,$ And to get rid of your little endpoint problem, note that you might as well round the square-root down. So how about $lceil log_2 lfloor sqrt{N} rfloor rceil.$
            $endgroup$
            – B. Goddard
            Dec 3 '18 at 16:52













          Your Answer





          StackExchange.ifUsing("editor", function () {
          return StackExchange.using("mathjaxEditing", function () {
          StackExchange.MarkdownEditor.creationCallbacks.add(function (editor, postfix) {
          StackExchange.mathjaxEditing.prepareWmdForMathJax(editor, postfix, [["$", "$"], ["\\(","\\)"]]);
          });
          });
          }, "mathjax-editing");

          StackExchange.ready(function() {
          var channelOptions = {
          tags: "".split(" "),
          id: "69"
          };
          initTagRenderer("".split(" "), "".split(" "), channelOptions);

          StackExchange.using("externalEditor", function() {
          // Have to fire editor after snippets, if snippets enabled
          if (StackExchange.settings.snippets.snippetsEnabled) {
          StackExchange.using("snippets", function() {
          createEditor();
          });
          }
          else {
          createEditor();
          }
          });

          function createEditor() {
          StackExchange.prepareEditor({
          heartbeatType: 'answer',
          autoActivateHeartbeat: false,
          convertImagesToLinks: true,
          noModals: true,
          showLowRepImageUploadWarning: true,
          reputationToPostImages: 10,
          bindNavPrevention: true,
          postfix: "",
          imageUploader: {
          brandingHtml: "Powered by u003ca class="icon-imgur-white" href="https://imgur.com/"u003eu003c/au003e",
          contentPolicyHtml: "User contributions licensed under u003ca href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/"u003ecc by-sa 3.0 with attribution requiredu003c/au003e u003ca href="https://stackoverflow.com/legal/content-policy"u003e(content policy)u003c/au003e",
          allowUrls: true
          },
          noCode: true, onDemand: true,
          discardSelector: ".discard-answer"
          ,immediatelyShowMarkdownHelp:true
          });


          }
          });














          draft saved

          draft discarded


















          StackExchange.ready(
          function () {
          StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2fmath.stackexchange.com%2fquestions%2f3024025%2fhow-many-digits-in-base-2-do-i-need-to-represent-any-odd-integer-from-1-to-sqr%23new-answer', 'question_page');
          }
          );

          Post as a guest















          Required, but never shown

























          1 Answer
          1






          active

          oldest

          votes








          1 Answer
          1






          active

          oldest

          votes









          active

          oldest

          votes






          active

          oldest

          votes









          1












          $begingroup$

          The number of digits of a number $N$ in base $b$ is $log_b N+1$. So the number of digits of $sqrt{N}$ in base $2$ is



          $$log_2 sqrt{N}+1 = frac{1}{2}log_2 N +1.$$



          The $frac{1}{2}$ shows why it takes half as many digits for $sqrt{N}$ as $N$.






          share|cite|improve this answer









          $endgroup$













          • $begingroup$
            $newcommand{floor}[1]{leftlfloor #1 rightrfloor}$I think you mean $floor{log_b N} + 1$. This is only part of the answer. I'm not interested in all integers from $0$ to $sqrt{N}$, but only the odd integers. In the example I gave, we could take one bit less than $frac{1}{2}floor{log_b sqrt{N}} + 1$. If we use this exact quantity, we go up to $15$ instead of $7$. I haven't understood why this happens.
            $endgroup$
            – Luitpold Ambre
            Dec 3 '18 at 13:34












          • $begingroup$
            You're just rounding funny. If the log comes out to be an integer, then the number is a power of 2 and hence even, so you don't have to worry about integer logs. So you might as well round up and use $lceil log_2 N rceil,$ And to get rid of your little endpoint problem, note that you might as well round the square-root down. So how about $lceil log_2 lfloor sqrt{N} rfloor rceil.$
            $endgroup$
            – B. Goddard
            Dec 3 '18 at 16:52


















          1












          $begingroup$

          The number of digits of a number $N$ in base $b$ is $log_b N+1$. So the number of digits of $sqrt{N}$ in base $2$ is



          $$log_2 sqrt{N}+1 = frac{1}{2}log_2 N +1.$$



          The $frac{1}{2}$ shows why it takes half as many digits for $sqrt{N}$ as $N$.






          share|cite|improve this answer









          $endgroup$













          • $begingroup$
            $newcommand{floor}[1]{leftlfloor #1 rightrfloor}$I think you mean $floor{log_b N} + 1$. This is only part of the answer. I'm not interested in all integers from $0$ to $sqrt{N}$, but only the odd integers. In the example I gave, we could take one bit less than $frac{1}{2}floor{log_b sqrt{N}} + 1$. If we use this exact quantity, we go up to $15$ instead of $7$. I haven't understood why this happens.
            $endgroup$
            – Luitpold Ambre
            Dec 3 '18 at 13:34












          • $begingroup$
            You're just rounding funny. If the log comes out to be an integer, then the number is a power of 2 and hence even, so you don't have to worry about integer logs. So you might as well round up and use $lceil log_2 N rceil,$ And to get rid of your little endpoint problem, note that you might as well round the square-root down. So how about $lceil log_2 lfloor sqrt{N} rfloor rceil.$
            $endgroup$
            – B. Goddard
            Dec 3 '18 at 16:52
















          1












          1








          1





          $begingroup$

          The number of digits of a number $N$ in base $b$ is $log_b N+1$. So the number of digits of $sqrt{N}$ in base $2$ is



          $$log_2 sqrt{N}+1 = frac{1}{2}log_2 N +1.$$



          The $frac{1}{2}$ shows why it takes half as many digits for $sqrt{N}$ as $N$.






          share|cite|improve this answer









          $endgroup$



          The number of digits of a number $N$ in base $b$ is $log_b N+1$. So the number of digits of $sqrt{N}$ in base $2$ is



          $$log_2 sqrt{N}+1 = frac{1}{2}log_2 N +1.$$



          The $frac{1}{2}$ shows why it takes half as many digits for $sqrt{N}$ as $N$.







          share|cite|improve this answer












          share|cite|improve this answer



          share|cite|improve this answer










          answered Dec 3 '18 at 13:16









          B. GoddardB. Goddard

          18.6k21440




          18.6k21440












          • $begingroup$
            $newcommand{floor}[1]{leftlfloor #1 rightrfloor}$I think you mean $floor{log_b N} + 1$. This is only part of the answer. I'm not interested in all integers from $0$ to $sqrt{N}$, but only the odd integers. In the example I gave, we could take one bit less than $frac{1}{2}floor{log_b sqrt{N}} + 1$. If we use this exact quantity, we go up to $15$ instead of $7$. I haven't understood why this happens.
            $endgroup$
            – Luitpold Ambre
            Dec 3 '18 at 13:34












          • $begingroup$
            You're just rounding funny. If the log comes out to be an integer, then the number is a power of 2 and hence even, so you don't have to worry about integer logs. So you might as well round up and use $lceil log_2 N rceil,$ And to get rid of your little endpoint problem, note that you might as well round the square-root down. So how about $lceil log_2 lfloor sqrt{N} rfloor rceil.$
            $endgroup$
            – B. Goddard
            Dec 3 '18 at 16:52




















          • $begingroup$
            $newcommand{floor}[1]{leftlfloor #1 rightrfloor}$I think you mean $floor{log_b N} + 1$. This is only part of the answer. I'm not interested in all integers from $0$ to $sqrt{N}$, but only the odd integers. In the example I gave, we could take one bit less than $frac{1}{2}floor{log_b sqrt{N}} + 1$. If we use this exact quantity, we go up to $15$ instead of $7$. I haven't understood why this happens.
            $endgroup$
            – Luitpold Ambre
            Dec 3 '18 at 13:34












          • $begingroup$
            You're just rounding funny. If the log comes out to be an integer, then the number is a power of 2 and hence even, so you don't have to worry about integer logs. So you might as well round up and use $lceil log_2 N rceil,$ And to get rid of your little endpoint problem, note that you might as well round the square-root down. So how about $lceil log_2 lfloor sqrt{N} rfloor rceil.$
            $endgroup$
            – B. Goddard
            Dec 3 '18 at 16:52


















          $begingroup$
          $newcommand{floor}[1]{leftlfloor #1 rightrfloor}$I think you mean $floor{log_b N} + 1$. This is only part of the answer. I'm not interested in all integers from $0$ to $sqrt{N}$, but only the odd integers. In the example I gave, we could take one bit less than $frac{1}{2}floor{log_b sqrt{N}} + 1$. If we use this exact quantity, we go up to $15$ instead of $7$. I haven't understood why this happens.
          $endgroup$
          – Luitpold Ambre
          Dec 3 '18 at 13:34






          $begingroup$
          $newcommand{floor}[1]{leftlfloor #1 rightrfloor}$I think you mean $floor{log_b N} + 1$. This is only part of the answer. I'm not interested in all integers from $0$ to $sqrt{N}$, but only the odd integers. In the example I gave, we could take one bit less than $frac{1}{2}floor{log_b sqrt{N}} + 1$. If we use this exact quantity, we go up to $15$ instead of $7$. I haven't understood why this happens.
          $endgroup$
          – Luitpold Ambre
          Dec 3 '18 at 13:34














          $begingroup$
          You're just rounding funny. If the log comes out to be an integer, then the number is a power of 2 and hence even, so you don't have to worry about integer logs. So you might as well round up and use $lceil log_2 N rceil,$ And to get rid of your little endpoint problem, note that you might as well round the square-root down. So how about $lceil log_2 lfloor sqrt{N} rfloor rceil.$
          $endgroup$
          – B. Goddard
          Dec 3 '18 at 16:52






          $begingroup$
          You're just rounding funny. If the log comes out to be an integer, then the number is a power of 2 and hence even, so you don't have to worry about integer logs. So you might as well round up and use $lceil log_2 N rceil,$ And to get rid of your little endpoint problem, note that you might as well round the square-root down. So how about $lceil log_2 lfloor sqrt{N} rfloor rceil.$
          $endgroup$
          – B. Goddard
          Dec 3 '18 at 16:52




















          draft saved

          draft discarded




















































          Thanks for contributing an answer to Mathematics Stack Exchange!


          • Please be sure to answer the question. Provide details and share your research!

          But avoid …



          • Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers.

          • Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience.


          Use MathJax to format equations. MathJax reference.


          To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers.




          draft saved


          draft discarded














          StackExchange.ready(
          function () {
          StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2fmath.stackexchange.com%2fquestions%2f3024025%2fhow-many-digits-in-base-2-do-i-need-to-represent-any-odd-integer-from-1-to-sqr%23new-answer', 'question_page');
          }
          );

          Post as a guest















          Required, but never shown





















































          Required, but never shown














          Required, but never shown












          Required, but never shown







          Required, but never shown

































          Required, but never shown














          Required, but never shown












          Required, but never shown







          Required, but never shown







          -

          Popular posts from this blog

          Bundesstraße 106

          Image
          Dieser Artikel beschreibt die Bundesstraße 106 in Deutschland. Zur gleichnamigen Straße in Österreich siehe Mölltal Straße. Vorlage:Infobox hochrangige Straße/Wartung/DE-B Bundesstraße 106 in Deutschland Karte Basisdaten Betreiber: Deutschland  Bundesrepublik Deutschland Straßenbeginn: Wismar ( 53° 54′  N , 11° 24′  O 53.900536 11.396875 ) Straßenende: Schwerin ( 53° 36′  N , 11° 24′  O 53.592785 11.404892 ) Gesamtlänge: 40,7 km Bundesland: Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Ausbauzustand: zweistreifig [1] Bundesstraße 106 in Schwerin (Umgehungsstraße) Straßenverlauf Land Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Landkreis Nordwestmecklenburg Ortsumgehung Wismar Wallensteingraben über   Dorf Mecklenburg Wallensteingraben Groß Stieten Bad Kleinen OT Niendorf Bahnstrecke Lübeck–Bad Kleinen Zickhusen Lübstorf Klein Trebbow OT Kirch Stück
          Read more

          Verónica Boquete

          Image
          Verónica Boquete im Trikot der Nationalmannschaft (2013) Personalia Name Verónica Boquete Giadans Geburtstag 9. April 1987 Geburtsort Santiago de Compostela, Spanien Größe 159 cm Position Mittelfeld / Sturm Juniorinnen Jahre Station 2001–2005 Xuventú Aguiño Frauen Jahre Station Spiele (Tore) 1 2005–2008 Prainsa Zaragoza 83 (40) 2008–2010 Espanyol Barcelona 53 (30) 2010 Buffalo Flash 9 0 (9) 2010 Chicago Red Stars 3 0 (1) 2010–2011 Espanyol Barcelona 26 (41) 2011 Philadelphia Independence 13 0 (5) 2011 Energija Woronesch 5 0 (1) 2012–2014 Tyresö FF 39 (14) 2014 Portland Thorns FC 15 0 (4) 2014–2015 1. FFC Frankfurt 23 0 (7) 2015–2016 FC Bayern München 9 0 (0) 2016–2018 Paris Saint-Germain 31 0 (8) 2018 Peking BG Phoenix 2019– Utah Royals FC 0 0 (0) Nationalmannschaft Jahre Auswahl
          Read more

          Ida-Boy-Ed-Garten

          Image
          Die Lage des Ida-Boy-Ed-Gartens, rot markiert Der Ida-Boy-Ed-Garten Der Ida-Boy-Ed-Garten, Blick von der Wakenitzmauer durch das Tor in der Stadtmauer Der Ida-Boy-Ed-Garten ist eine Straße der Lübecker Altstadt. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Lage 2 Geschichte 3 Literatur 4 Weblinks Lage | Der etwa 90 Meter lange Ida-Boy-Ed-Garten befindet sich an der nördlichen Spitze der Altstadtinsel, vor dem Burgtor. Die in einem Bogen durch eine Grünanlage hangaufwärts führende Straße verbindet die Wakenitzmauer mit der Burgtorbrücke. Geschichte | Der heutige Ida-Boy-Ed-Garten wurde ursprünglich als Verlängerung der Wakenitzmauer angelegt. 1903 wurde in den erhaltenen Teil der mittelalterlichen Stadtmauer, an dem die Wakenitzmauer bei der Einmündung der Kaiserstraße begann, ein Tor mit einem großen Bogen für die Durchführung der Straße und zwei kleineren seitlichen Öffnungen für Fußgänger gebrochen, um für die neu errichteten Wohnhäuser in diesem Bereich
          Read more