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I have a table data like below

abc 1   1   1

bcd 2   2   4

bcd 12  23  3

cde 3   5   5

cde 3   4   5

cde 14  2   25

I want the sum of values in each column based on variables in first column and desired result is like below:

abc 1   1   1

bcd 14  25  7

cde 20  11  35

I used awk command like this

awk -F"t" '{for(n=2;n<=NF; ++n)a[$1]+=$n}END{for(i in a ) print i, a[i] }' tablefilepath

and I got a result below:

abc 3

bcd 46

cde 66

I think the end of my code is wrong but don't know how to fix it.
Please help me with some directions to fix the code...

You were fairly close. 
You see what you were doing wrong, don't you? 
You were keeping one total for each column 1 value,
when you should have been keeping three.

This is similar to Inian's answer,
but trivially extendable to handle any number of columns:

awk -F"t" '{for(n=2;n<=NF; ++n) a[$1][n]+=$n}

        END {for(i in a) {

                printf "%s", i

                for (n=2; n<=4; ++n) printf "t%s", a[i][n]

                printf "n"

             }

        }'

Rather than keep three arrays, like Inian's answer,
it keeps a two-dimensional array.

So long as your file is tab-delimited, datamash is a good fit for this.

$ datamash groupby 1 sum 2 sum 3 sum 4 < tablefilepath

abc     1       1       1

bcd     14      25      7

cde     20      11      35

Datamash can also work with non-tabs, if you specify -t <delimiter>. But tabs seem closest to the example input you have provided.

Datamash won't work if your input is delimited by arbitrary whitespace (i.e. possible multiple spaces intended to "look like" a tab). Still, even if that is what your data looks like, it is easily munged into the form expected by datamash:

sed -i 's/ +/t/g' tablefilepath

Using awk summing up the columns 2-4 based on 1.

awk -v FS="t" -v OFS="t" '{ col1[$1]+=$2; col2[$1]+=$3; col3[$1]+=$4; next } END { for ( i in col1) print i, col1[i], col2[i], col3[i]  }' file