Identify - Two statements which can't be true together, but can be false - from the following premises...
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Among the following, there are two statements which can't be true together, but can be false together. Select the code that represents them.
Statements :
(a) All poets are dreamers. (b) No poets are dreamers.
(c) Some poets are dreamers. (d) Some poets are not dreamers. <br>
(1) (c) and (d)
(2) (b) and (d)
(3) (a) and (d)
(4) (a) and (b)
This is rather confusing. because (c) and (d) are essentially the same thing isn't?
What is the right answer?
Cant get a hold on it. Can any experts clarify?
source: http://netexam.pmgurus.com/ugc-net-online-questions.aspx?q=UGC-NTA-NET-PAPER-1-solved-answer-paper-22-DECEMBER-2018-SHIFT1&gid=180&h=1&QID=12775&Qno=27
logic
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closed as off-topic by Eevee Trainer, Jyrki Lahtonen, Mauro ALLEGRANZA, Paul Frost, Cesareo Dec 28 '18 at 14:50
This question appears to be off-topic. The users who voted to close gave this specific reason:
- "This question is missing context or other details: Please provide additional context, which ideally explains why the question is relevant to you and our community. Some forms of context include: background and motivation, relevant definitions, source, possible strategies, your current progress, why the question is interesting or important, etc." – Eevee Trainer, Jyrki Lahtonen, Mauro ALLEGRANZA, Paul Frost, Cesareo
If this question can be reworded to fit the rules in the help center, please edit the question.
add a comment |
$begingroup$
Among the following, there are two statements which can't be true together, but can be false together. Select the code that represents them.
Statements :
(a) All poets are dreamers. (b) No poets are dreamers.
(c) Some poets are dreamers. (d) Some poets are not dreamers. <br>
(1) (c) and (d)
(2) (b) and (d)
(3) (a) and (d)
(4) (a) and (b)
This is rather confusing. because (c) and (d) are essentially the same thing isn't?
What is the right answer?
Cant get a hold on it. Can any experts clarify?
source: http://netexam.pmgurus.com/ugc-net-online-questions.aspx?q=UGC-NTA-NET-PAPER-1-solved-answer-paper-22-DECEMBER-2018-SHIFT1&gid=180&h=1&QID=12775&Qno=27
logic
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closed as off-topic by Eevee Trainer, Jyrki Lahtonen, Mauro ALLEGRANZA, Paul Frost, Cesareo Dec 28 '18 at 14:50
This question appears to be off-topic. The users who voted to close gave this specific reason:
- "This question is missing context or other details: Please provide additional context, which ideally explains why the question is relevant to you and our community. Some forms of context include: background and motivation, relevant definitions, source, possible strategies, your current progress, why the question is interesting or important, etc." – Eevee Trainer, Jyrki Lahtonen, Mauro ALLEGRANZA, Paul Frost, Cesareo
If this question can be reworded to fit the rules in the help center, please edit the question.
1
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Hint: "some" means "at least some (but could be all of them)"
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– Matti P.
Dec 28 '18 at 8:44
add a comment |
$begingroup$
Among the following, there are two statements which can't be true together, but can be false together. Select the code that represents them.
Statements :
(a) All poets are dreamers. (b) No poets are dreamers.
(c) Some poets are dreamers. (d) Some poets are not dreamers. <br>
(1) (c) and (d)
(2) (b) and (d)
(3) (a) and (d)
(4) (a) and (b)
This is rather confusing. because (c) and (d) are essentially the same thing isn't?
What is the right answer?
Cant get a hold on it. Can any experts clarify?
source: http://netexam.pmgurus.com/ugc-net-online-questions.aspx?q=UGC-NTA-NET-PAPER-1-solved-answer-paper-22-DECEMBER-2018-SHIFT1&gid=180&h=1&QID=12775&Qno=27
logic
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Among the following, there are two statements which can't be true together, but can be false together. Select the code that represents them.
Statements :
(a) All poets are dreamers. (b) No poets are dreamers.
(c) Some poets are dreamers. (d) Some poets are not dreamers. <br>
(1) (c) and (d)
(2) (b) and (d)
(3) (a) and (d)
(4) (a) and (b)
This is rather confusing. because (c) and (d) are essentially the same thing isn't?
What is the right answer?
Cant get a hold on it. Can any experts clarify?
source: http://netexam.pmgurus.com/ugc-net-online-questions.aspx?q=UGC-NTA-NET-PAPER-1-solved-answer-paper-22-DECEMBER-2018-SHIFT1&gid=180&h=1&QID=12775&Qno=27
logic
logic
edited Dec 28 '18 at 9:08
Venkat
asked Dec 28 '18 at 8:37
VenkatVenkat
1446
1446
closed as off-topic by Eevee Trainer, Jyrki Lahtonen, Mauro ALLEGRANZA, Paul Frost, Cesareo Dec 28 '18 at 14:50
This question appears to be off-topic. The users who voted to close gave this specific reason:
- "This question is missing context or other details: Please provide additional context, which ideally explains why the question is relevant to you and our community. Some forms of context include: background and motivation, relevant definitions, source, possible strategies, your current progress, why the question is interesting or important, etc." – Eevee Trainer, Jyrki Lahtonen, Mauro ALLEGRANZA, Paul Frost, Cesareo
If this question can be reworded to fit the rules in the help center, please edit the question.
closed as off-topic by Eevee Trainer, Jyrki Lahtonen, Mauro ALLEGRANZA, Paul Frost, Cesareo Dec 28 '18 at 14:50
This question appears to be off-topic. The users who voted to close gave this specific reason:
- "This question is missing context or other details: Please provide additional context, which ideally explains why the question is relevant to you and our community. Some forms of context include: background and motivation, relevant definitions, source, possible strategies, your current progress, why the question is interesting or important, etc." – Eevee Trainer, Jyrki Lahtonen, Mauro ALLEGRANZA, Paul Frost, Cesareo
If this question can be reworded to fit the rules in the help center, please edit the question.
1
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Hint: "some" means "at least some (but could be all of them)"
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– Matti P.
Dec 28 '18 at 8:44
add a comment |
1
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Hint: "some" means "at least some (but could be all of them)"
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– Matti P.
Dec 28 '18 at 8:44
1
1
$begingroup$
Hint: "some" means "at least some (but could be all of them)"
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– Matti P.
Dec 28 '18 at 8:44
$begingroup$
Hint: "some" means "at least some (but could be all of them)"
$endgroup$
– Matti P.
Dec 28 '18 at 8:44
add a comment |
4 Answers
4
active
oldest
votes
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yes c) and d) are similar but not the same. The difference is that c) claims that some poets are dreamers but says nothing about no dreamers, d) is similar but for no dreamers.
Sentence a) sais that all poets are dreamer so b) and d) cannot hold if a) is true.
Sentece b) claims that all poets are no dreamers so a) and c) cannot be true if b) is true.
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What is the right answer? is it option 1 , 2 ,3 or 4?
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– Venkat
Dec 28 '18 at 8:58
add a comment |
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In predicate logic, “some $x$” means “there exists an $x$”. To see that two formulae are not equivalent, it is enough to find a structure in which one is true but the other is false.
Suppose there are only two poets and both are dreamers. Then (c) is true, while (d) is false.
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More explanation would mean more clarity.
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– Venkat
Dec 28 '18 at 8:59
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what is the right answer? is it 1) 2) 3) or 4) ?
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– Venkat
Dec 28 '18 at 9:20
add a comment |
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Suppose that there is a box with $10$ colored balls in it (you cannot see them).
Someone takes out $2$ balls and shows them to you.
Both are green.
Now you can make the true statement "some of them are green", right?
But can you also make the statement "some of them are not green"?
Of course not: it is quite well possible that all balls in the box are green.
This indicates that the statements are definitely not the same.
edit:
Let $P$ denote the "set of poets" and $D$ the "set of dreamers". Then the statements are:
- (a) $Pcap D^{complement}=varnothing$
- (b) $Pcap D=varnothing$
- (c) $Pcap Dneqvarnothing$
- (d) $Pcap D^{complement}neqvarnothing$
(c) and (d) can both be true so option 1 falls off.
(b) and (d) can both be true so option 2 falls off.
(a) and (d) cannot both be true, but also they cannot both be false so option 3 falls off.
(a) and (b) can both be true so option 4 falls off.
So I really think that none of the options is correct.
Edit:
If you work under extra condition that $Pneqvarnothing $ (quite reasonable that poets exist) then (a) and (b) cannot both be true. They can both be false so option 4 is the correct one.
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so the answer is option 1 ?
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– Venkat
Dec 28 '18 at 9:05
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I think that all options are wrong. See my edit.
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– drhab
Dec 28 '18 at 9:51
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Unless poets really exist. See my second edit. Then option 4 is correct.
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– drhab
Dec 28 '18 at 10:48
add a comment |
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let's study the options:
option 1: c and d can be true together , because some of the poets dreamers so may be others are not . OPTION 1 IS WRONG
option 2: b and d can be true together , because when all of the poets aren't dreamers so some of them will not be also . OPTION 2 IS WRONG
option 3 : a and d can't be true together but they can't be false together. when we say not all poets are dreamers(a=false) so we mean some of them are not (d=true). OPTION 3 IS WRONG
option 4 : a and b can't be true together because we say all of poets are dreamers (a= true) so it is possible that they are not all dreamers (b= false) and the opposite is the same ( b = true ) so it is a must that (a= false)..... ALSo they can be false together . we can say that not all poets are dreamers (a= false) and at the same time not all the poets are not dreamers (b = false)> OPTION 4 IS RIGHT
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add a comment |
4 Answers
4
active
oldest
votes
4 Answers
4
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
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yes c) and d) are similar but not the same. The difference is that c) claims that some poets are dreamers but says nothing about no dreamers, d) is similar but for no dreamers.
Sentence a) sais that all poets are dreamer so b) and d) cannot hold if a) is true.
Sentece b) claims that all poets are no dreamers so a) and c) cannot be true if b) is true.
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What is the right answer? is it option 1 , 2 ,3 or 4?
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– Venkat
Dec 28 '18 at 8:58
add a comment |
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yes c) and d) are similar but not the same. The difference is that c) claims that some poets are dreamers but says nothing about no dreamers, d) is similar but for no dreamers.
Sentence a) sais that all poets are dreamer so b) and d) cannot hold if a) is true.
Sentece b) claims that all poets are no dreamers so a) and c) cannot be true if b) is true.
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What is the right answer? is it option 1 , 2 ,3 or 4?
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– Venkat
Dec 28 '18 at 8:58
add a comment |
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yes c) and d) are similar but not the same. The difference is that c) claims that some poets are dreamers but says nothing about no dreamers, d) is similar but for no dreamers.
Sentence a) sais that all poets are dreamer so b) and d) cannot hold if a) is true.
Sentece b) claims that all poets are no dreamers so a) and c) cannot be true if b) is true.
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yes c) and d) are similar but not the same. The difference is that c) claims that some poets are dreamers but says nothing about no dreamers, d) is similar but for no dreamers.
Sentence a) sais that all poets are dreamer so b) and d) cannot hold if a) is true.
Sentece b) claims that all poets are no dreamers so a) and c) cannot be true if b) is true.
answered Dec 28 '18 at 8:44
Alonso QuijanoAlonso Quijano
445
445
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What is the right answer? is it option 1 , 2 ,3 or 4?
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– Venkat
Dec 28 '18 at 8:58
add a comment |
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What is the right answer? is it option 1 , 2 ,3 or 4?
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– Venkat
Dec 28 '18 at 8:58
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What is the right answer? is it option 1 , 2 ,3 or 4?
$endgroup$
– Venkat
Dec 28 '18 at 8:58
$begingroup$
What is the right answer? is it option 1 , 2 ,3 or 4?
$endgroup$
– Venkat
Dec 28 '18 at 8:58
add a comment |
$begingroup$
In predicate logic, “some $x$” means “there exists an $x$”. To see that two formulae are not equivalent, it is enough to find a structure in which one is true but the other is false.
Suppose there are only two poets and both are dreamers. Then (c) is true, while (d) is false.
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More explanation would mean more clarity.
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– Venkat
Dec 28 '18 at 8:59
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what is the right answer? is it 1) 2) 3) or 4) ?
$endgroup$
– Venkat
Dec 28 '18 at 9:20
add a comment |
$begingroup$
In predicate logic, “some $x$” means “there exists an $x$”. To see that two formulae are not equivalent, it is enough to find a structure in which one is true but the other is false.
Suppose there are only two poets and both are dreamers. Then (c) is true, while (d) is false.
$endgroup$
$begingroup$
More explanation would mean more clarity.
$endgroup$
– Venkat
Dec 28 '18 at 8:59
$begingroup$
what is the right answer? is it 1) 2) 3) or 4) ?
$endgroup$
– Venkat
Dec 28 '18 at 9:20
add a comment |
$begingroup$
In predicate logic, “some $x$” means “there exists an $x$”. To see that two formulae are not equivalent, it is enough to find a structure in which one is true but the other is false.
Suppose there are only two poets and both are dreamers. Then (c) is true, while (d) is false.
$endgroup$
In predicate logic, “some $x$” means “there exists an $x$”. To see that two formulae are not equivalent, it is enough to find a structure in which one is true but the other is false.
Suppose there are only two poets and both are dreamers. Then (c) is true, while (d) is false.
answered Dec 28 '18 at 8:47
Hans HüttelHans Hüttel
3,3672921
3,3672921
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More explanation would mean more clarity.
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– Venkat
Dec 28 '18 at 8:59
$begingroup$
what is the right answer? is it 1) 2) 3) or 4) ?
$endgroup$
– Venkat
Dec 28 '18 at 9:20
add a comment |
$begingroup$
More explanation would mean more clarity.
$endgroup$
– Venkat
Dec 28 '18 at 8:59
$begingroup$
what is the right answer? is it 1) 2) 3) or 4) ?
$endgroup$
– Venkat
Dec 28 '18 at 9:20
$begingroup$
More explanation would mean more clarity.
$endgroup$
– Venkat
Dec 28 '18 at 8:59
$begingroup$
More explanation would mean more clarity.
$endgroup$
– Venkat
Dec 28 '18 at 8:59
$begingroup$
what is the right answer? is it 1) 2) 3) or 4) ?
$endgroup$
– Venkat
Dec 28 '18 at 9:20
$begingroup$
what is the right answer? is it 1) 2) 3) or 4) ?
$endgroup$
– Venkat
Dec 28 '18 at 9:20
add a comment |
$begingroup$
Suppose that there is a box with $10$ colored balls in it (you cannot see them).
Someone takes out $2$ balls and shows them to you.
Both are green.
Now you can make the true statement "some of them are green", right?
But can you also make the statement "some of them are not green"?
Of course not: it is quite well possible that all balls in the box are green.
This indicates that the statements are definitely not the same.
edit:
Let $P$ denote the "set of poets" and $D$ the "set of dreamers". Then the statements are:
- (a) $Pcap D^{complement}=varnothing$
- (b) $Pcap D=varnothing$
- (c) $Pcap Dneqvarnothing$
- (d) $Pcap D^{complement}neqvarnothing$
(c) and (d) can both be true so option 1 falls off.
(b) and (d) can both be true so option 2 falls off.
(a) and (d) cannot both be true, but also they cannot both be false so option 3 falls off.
(a) and (b) can both be true so option 4 falls off.
So I really think that none of the options is correct.
Edit:
If you work under extra condition that $Pneqvarnothing $ (quite reasonable that poets exist) then (a) and (b) cannot both be true. They can both be false so option 4 is the correct one.
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so the answer is option 1 ?
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– Venkat
Dec 28 '18 at 9:05
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I think that all options are wrong. See my edit.
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– drhab
Dec 28 '18 at 9:51
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Unless poets really exist. See my second edit. Then option 4 is correct.
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– drhab
Dec 28 '18 at 10:48
add a comment |
$begingroup$
Suppose that there is a box with $10$ colored balls in it (you cannot see them).
Someone takes out $2$ balls and shows them to you.
Both are green.
Now you can make the true statement "some of them are green", right?
But can you also make the statement "some of them are not green"?
Of course not: it is quite well possible that all balls in the box are green.
This indicates that the statements are definitely not the same.
edit:
Let $P$ denote the "set of poets" and $D$ the "set of dreamers". Then the statements are:
- (a) $Pcap D^{complement}=varnothing$
- (b) $Pcap D=varnothing$
- (c) $Pcap Dneqvarnothing$
- (d) $Pcap D^{complement}neqvarnothing$
(c) and (d) can both be true so option 1 falls off.
(b) and (d) can both be true so option 2 falls off.
(a) and (d) cannot both be true, but also they cannot both be false so option 3 falls off.
(a) and (b) can both be true so option 4 falls off.
So I really think that none of the options is correct.
Edit:
If you work under extra condition that $Pneqvarnothing $ (quite reasonable that poets exist) then (a) and (b) cannot both be true. They can both be false so option 4 is the correct one.
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so the answer is option 1 ?
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– Venkat
Dec 28 '18 at 9:05
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I think that all options are wrong. See my edit.
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– drhab
Dec 28 '18 at 9:51
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Unless poets really exist. See my second edit. Then option 4 is correct.
$endgroup$
– drhab
Dec 28 '18 at 10:48
add a comment |
$begingroup$
Suppose that there is a box with $10$ colored balls in it (you cannot see them).
Someone takes out $2$ balls and shows them to you.
Both are green.
Now you can make the true statement "some of them are green", right?
But can you also make the statement "some of them are not green"?
Of course not: it is quite well possible that all balls in the box are green.
This indicates that the statements are definitely not the same.
edit:
Let $P$ denote the "set of poets" and $D$ the "set of dreamers". Then the statements are:
- (a) $Pcap D^{complement}=varnothing$
- (b) $Pcap D=varnothing$
- (c) $Pcap Dneqvarnothing$
- (d) $Pcap D^{complement}neqvarnothing$
(c) and (d) can both be true so option 1 falls off.
(b) and (d) can both be true so option 2 falls off.
(a) and (d) cannot both be true, but also they cannot both be false so option 3 falls off.
(a) and (b) can both be true so option 4 falls off.
So I really think that none of the options is correct.
Edit:
If you work under extra condition that $Pneqvarnothing $ (quite reasonable that poets exist) then (a) and (b) cannot both be true. They can both be false so option 4 is the correct one.
$endgroup$
Suppose that there is a box with $10$ colored balls in it (you cannot see them).
Someone takes out $2$ balls and shows them to you.
Both are green.
Now you can make the true statement "some of them are green", right?
But can you also make the statement "some of them are not green"?
Of course not: it is quite well possible that all balls in the box are green.
This indicates that the statements are definitely not the same.
edit:
Let $P$ denote the "set of poets" and $D$ the "set of dreamers". Then the statements are:
- (a) $Pcap D^{complement}=varnothing$
- (b) $Pcap D=varnothing$
- (c) $Pcap Dneqvarnothing$
- (d) $Pcap D^{complement}neqvarnothing$
(c) and (d) can both be true so option 1 falls off.
(b) and (d) can both be true so option 2 falls off.
(a) and (d) cannot both be true, but also they cannot both be false so option 3 falls off.
(a) and (b) can both be true so option 4 falls off.
So I really think that none of the options is correct.
Edit:
If you work under extra condition that $Pneqvarnothing $ (quite reasonable that poets exist) then (a) and (b) cannot both be true. They can both be false so option 4 is the correct one.
edited Dec 28 '18 at 10:46
answered Dec 28 '18 at 8:58
drhabdrhab
104k545136
104k545136
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so the answer is option 1 ?
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– Venkat
Dec 28 '18 at 9:05
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I think that all options are wrong. See my edit.
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– drhab
Dec 28 '18 at 9:51
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Unless poets really exist. See my second edit. Then option 4 is correct.
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– drhab
Dec 28 '18 at 10:48
add a comment |
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so the answer is option 1 ?
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– Venkat
Dec 28 '18 at 9:05
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I think that all options are wrong. See my edit.
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– drhab
Dec 28 '18 at 9:51
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Unless poets really exist. See my second edit. Then option 4 is correct.
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– drhab
Dec 28 '18 at 10:48
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so the answer is option 1 ?
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– Venkat
Dec 28 '18 at 9:05
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so the answer is option 1 ?
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– Venkat
Dec 28 '18 at 9:05
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I think that all options are wrong. See my edit.
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– drhab
Dec 28 '18 at 9:51
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I think that all options are wrong. See my edit.
$endgroup$
– drhab
Dec 28 '18 at 9:51
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Unless poets really exist. See my second edit. Then option 4 is correct.
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– drhab
Dec 28 '18 at 10:48
$begingroup$
Unless poets really exist. See my second edit. Then option 4 is correct.
$endgroup$
– drhab
Dec 28 '18 at 10:48
add a comment |
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let's study the options:
option 1: c and d can be true together , because some of the poets dreamers so may be others are not . OPTION 1 IS WRONG
option 2: b and d can be true together , because when all of the poets aren't dreamers so some of them will not be also . OPTION 2 IS WRONG
option 3 : a and d can't be true together but they can't be false together. when we say not all poets are dreamers(a=false) so we mean some of them are not (d=true). OPTION 3 IS WRONG
option 4 : a and b can't be true together because we say all of poets are dreamers (a= true) so it is possible that they are not all dreamers (b= false) and the opposite is the same ( b = true ) so it is a must that (a= false)..... ALSo they can be false together . we can say that not all poets are dreamers (a= false) and at the same time not all the poets are not dreamers (b = false)> OPTION 4 IS RIGHT
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add a comment |
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let's study the options:
option 1: c and d can be true together , because some of the poets dreamers so may be others are not . OPTION 1 IS WRONG
option 2: b and d can be true together , because when all of the poets aren't dreamers so some of them will not be also . OPTION 2 IS WRONG
option 3 : a and d can't be true together but they can't be false together. when we say not all poets are dreamers(a=false) so we mean some of them are not (d=true). OPTION 3 IS WRONG
option 4 : a and b can't be true together because we say all of poets are dreamers (a= true) so it is possible that they are not all dreamers (b= false) and the opposite is the same ( b = true ) so it is a must that (a= false)..... ALSo they can be false together . we can say that not all poets are dreamers (a= false) and at the same time not all the poets are not dreamers (b = false)> OPTION 4 IS RIGHT
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add a comment |
$begingroup$
let's study the options:
option 1: c and d can be true together , because some of the poets dreamers so may be others are not . OPTION 1 IS WRONG
option 2: b and d can be true together , because when all of the poets aren't dreamers so some of them will not be also . OPTION 2 IS WRONG
option 3 : a and d can't be true together but they can't be false together. when we say not all poets are dreamers(a=false) so we mean some of them are not (d=true). OPTION 3 IS WRONG
option 4 : a and b can't be true together because we say all of poets are dreamers (a= true) so it is possible that they are not all dreamers (b= false) and the opposite is the same ( b = true ) so it is a must that (a= false)..... ALSo they can be false together . we can say that not all poets are dreamers (a= false) and at the same time not all the poets are not dreamers (b = false)> OPTION 4 IS RIGHT
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let's study the options:
option 1: c and d can be true together , because some of the poets dreamers so may be others are not . OPTION 1 IS WRONG
option 2: b and d can be true together , because when all of the poets aren't dreamers so some of them will not be also . OPTION 2 IS WRONG
option 3 : a and d can't be true together but they can't be false together. when we say not all poets are dreamers(a=false) so we mean some of them are not (d=true). OPTION 3 IS WRONG
option 4 : a and b can't be true together because we say all of poets are dreamers (a= true) so it is possible that they are not all dreamers (b= false) and the opposite is the same ( b = true ) so it is a must that (a= false)..... ALSo they can be false together . we can say that not all poets are dreamers (a= false) and at the same time not all the poets are not dreamers (b = false)> OPTION 4 IS RIGHT
answered Dec 28 '18 at 11:30
DaniaDania
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$begingroup$
Hint: "some" means "at least some (but could be all of them)"
$endgroup$
– Matti P.
Dec 28 '18 at 8:44