Differential forms and integrability of subbundle
$begingroup$
first merry Christmas to the team. Now let be $M$ a manifold of dimension $n in mathbb{N}$. Let be $alpha_{1}, alpha_{2}, ..., alpha_{n-k}$ $n-k$ $1$-forms linearly independent in each points of $M$. I suppose those forms are smooth. For all $x in M$, let be $P_{x} = bigcap_{i = 1}^{n-k}Ker(alpha_{i}(x))$ and $omega = alpha_{1} wedge alpha_{2} wedge ... wedge alpha_{n-k}$.
I shown $P$ is a subbundle of $TM$.
I would like to show that [for all $x in M$ it exists $f in C^{infty}(M)$ such that $f(x) neq 0$ and such that $d(fomega) = 0$ on neighbourhood of $x$] if I suppose $P$ is integrable.
Here is the reason I made :
Let be $x in M$. Let be $U$ a small neighbourhood of $x$ and $(a_{i})_{i in <n-k+1, n>}$ 1-differentials forms and $(X_{i})_{i in <1, n>}$ smooth vectorial fields construct the following way : lets complete $(alpha_{i}(x))_{i in <1, n-k>}$ in a base $(alpha_{i}(x))_{i in <1, n>}$ of $T^{*}_{x}M$. We can suppose $U$ small enough such that it's the domain of a map $phi$. For all $i in <n-k+1, n>$, $alpha_{i}(x) = sum_{j = 1}^{n}a_{j}^{i}d(phi_{j})(x)$. As the determinant is a continuous map we can suppose $U$ small enough such that $alpha_{i}(.) := dbeta_{i}(.)$(where $beta_{i}(.) = sum_{j = 1}^{n}a_{j}^{i}phi_{j}(.)$) is such that for all $y in U$, $(alpha_{i}(x))_{i in <1, n>}$ is a base of $T_{y}^{*}M$. Now we can construct $(X_{i})_{i in <1, n>}$ smotth vectorial fields on $U$ such that $alpha_{i}(X_{j}) = delta_{ij}(1)$ on $U$.
Now, I wrote $[X_{i}, X_{j}] = sum_{l = 1}^{n}c_{ij}^{l}X_{l}$ and using $(1)$ I show $d alpha_{l} = -sum_{i < j} c_{ij}^{l} alpha_{i} wedge alpha_{j} (3)$.
As $P$ is integrable, $c_{ij}^{h} equiv 0$ on $U$ if $i, j in <n-k+1, n>$ and $h in <1, n-k>(*)$. So using $(*)$$ d omega = sum_{l = 1}^{n-k}epsilon_{l}' omega wedge sum_{i in <n-k +1, n>}c_{il}^{l} alpha_{i}$ where $epsilon_{l}' in {pm 1}(2)$. So in $(2)$, $d omega = omega wedge sum_{l = 1}^{n-k}epsilon_{l}' sum_{i in <n-k +1, n>}c_{il}^{l} dbeta_{i}$. Let's considering $f = e^{(-1)^{n-k} times (sum_{l = 1}^{n-k}epsilon_{l}' sum_{i in <n-k +1, n>}c_{il}^{l} beta_{i})}$ which is smooth and positive on $U$. So $d(fomega) = (-1)^{n-k}f times ((sum_{l = 1}^{n-k}epsilon_{l}' sum_{i in <n-k +1, n>}c_{il}^{l} dbeta_{i}) wedge omega - (sum_{l = 1}^{n-k}epsilon_{l}' sum_{i in <n-k +1, n>}dc_{il}^{l} beta_{i} ) wedge omega) - f domega = (sum_{l = 1}^{n-k}epsilon_{l}' sum_{i in <n-k +1, n>}dc_{il}^{l} beta_{i} ) wedge omega + f domega - f domega = (sum_{l = 1}^{n-k}epsilon_{l}' sum_{i in <n-k +1, n>}dc_{il}^{l} beta_{i} ) wedge omega$
on $U$.
If I show $(sum_{l = 1}^{n-k}epsilon_{l}' sum_{i in <n-k +1, n>}dc_{il}^{l} beta_{i} ) wedge omega = 0$ on $U$ I'll won.
I try to differentiate the expression $(3)$ but it doesn't give me informations. If the $c_{lj}^{l}$ could be constant. But I don't have freedom to choose them in constant in my construction.
Do you have ideas?
Thanks for all the answers and merry Christmas again.
differential-forms differential
$endgroup$
add a comment |
$begingroup$
first merry Christmas to the team. Now let be $M$ a manifold of dimension $n in mathbb{N}$. Let be $alpha_{1}, alpha_{2}, ..., alpha_{n-k}$ $n-k$ $1$-forms linearly independent in each points of $M$. I suppose those forms are smooth. For all $x in M$, let be $P_{x} = bigcap_{i = 1}^{n-k}Ker(alpha_{i}(x))$ and $omega = alpha_{1} wedge alpha_{2} wedge ... wedge alpha_{n-k}$.
I shown $P$ is a subbundle of $TM$.
I would like to show that [for all $x in M$ it exists $f in C^{infty}(M)$ such that $f(x) neq 0$ and such that $d(fomega) = 0$ on neighbourhood of $x$] if I suppose $P$ is integrable.
Here is the reason I made :
Let be $x in M$. Let be $U$ a small neighbourhood of $x$ and $(a_{i})_{i in <n-k+1, n>}$ 1-differentials forms and $(X_{i})_{i in <1, n>}$ smooth vectorial fields construct the following way : lets complete $(alpha_{i}(x))_{i in <1, n-k>}$ in a base $(alpha_{i}(x))_{i in <1, n>}$ of $T^{*}_{x}M$. We can suppose $U$ small enough such that it's the domain of a map $phi$. For all $i in <n-k+1, n>$, $alpha_{i}(x) = sum_{j = 1}^{n}a_{j}^{i}d(phi_{j})(x)$. As the determinant is a continuous map we can suppose $U$ small enough such that $alpha_{i}(.) := dbeta_{i}(.)$(where $beta_{i}(.) = sum_{j = 1}^{n}a_{j}^{i}phi_{j}(.)$) is such that for all $y in U$, $(alpha_{i}(x))_{i in <1, n>}$ is a base of $T_{y}^{*}M$. Now we can construct $(X_{i})_{i in <1, n>}$ smotth vectorial fields on $U$ such that $alpha_{i}(X_{j}) = delta_{ij}(1)$ on $U$.
Now, I wrote $[X_{i}, X_{j}] = sum_{l = 1}^{n}c_{ij}^{l}X_{l}$ and using $(1)$ I show $d alpha_{l} = -sum_{i < j} c_{ij}^{l} alpha_{i} wedge alpha_{j} (3)$.
As $P$ is integrable, $c_{ij}^{h} equiv 0$ on $U$ if $i, j in <n-k+1, n>$ and $h in <1, n-k>(*)$. So using $(*)$$ d omega = sum_{l = 1}^{n-k}epsilon_{l}' omega wedge sum_{i in <n-k +1, n>}c_{il}^{l} alpha_{i}$ where $epsilon_{l}' in {pm 1}(2)$. So in $(2)$, $d omega = omega wedge sum_{l = 1}^{n-k}epsilon_{l}' sum_{i in <n-k +1, n>}c_{il}^{l} dbeta_{i}$. Let's considering $f = e^{(-1)^{n-k} times (sum_{l = 1}^{n-k}epsilon_{l}' sum_{i in <n-k +1, n>}c_{il}^{l} beta_{i})}$ which is smooth and positive on $U$. So $d(fomega) = (-1)^{n-k}f times ((sum_{l = 1}^{n-k}epsilon_{l}' sum_{i in <n-k +1, n>}c_{il}^{l} dbeta_{i}) wedge omega - (sum_{l = 1}^{n-k}epsilon_{l}' sum_{i in <n-k +1, n>}dc_{il}^{l} beta_{i} ) wedge omega) - f domega = (sum_{l = 1}^{n-k}epsilon_{l}' sum_{i in <n-k +1, n>}dc_{il}^{l} beta_{i} ) wedge omega + f domega - f domega = (sum_{l = 1}^{n-k}epsilon_{l}' sum_{i in <n-k +1, n>}dc_{il}^{l} beta_{i} ) wedge omega$
on $U$.
If I show $(sum_{l = 1}^{n-k}epsilon_{l}' sum_{i in <n-k +1, n>}dc_{il}^{l} beta_{i} ) wedge omega = 0$ on $U$ I'll won.
I try to differentiate the expression $(3)$ but it doesn't give me informations. If the $c_{lj}^{l}$ could be constant. But I don't have freedom to choose them in constant in my construction.
Do you have ideas?
Thanks for all the answers and merry Christmas again.
differential-forms differential
$endgroup$
$begingroup$
I'll be honest and admit I didn't read everything you wrote. Do you know the equivalent criterion for integrability that $dalpha_iequiv 0pmod{langle alpha_jrangle}$? If so, that will tell you that $domega equiv 0pmod{langleomegarangle}$. Does that help?
$endgroup$
– Ted Shifrin
Dec 25 '18 at 21:40
add a comment |
$begingroup$
first merry Christmas to the team. Now let be $M$ a manifold of dimension $n in mathbb{N}$. Let be $alpha_{1}, alpha_{2}, ..., alpha_{n-k}$ $n-k$ $1$-forms linearly independent in each points of $M$. I suppose those forms are smooth. For all $x in M$, let be $P_{x} = bigcap_{i = 1}^{n-k}Ker(alpha_{i}(x))$ and $omega = alpha_{1} wedge alpha_{2} wedge ... wedge alpha_{n-k}$.
I shown $P$ is a subbundle of $TM$.
I would like to show that [for all $x in M$ it exists $f in C^{infty}(M)$ such that $f(x) neq 0$ and such that $d(fomega) = 0$ on neighbourhood of $x$] if I suppose $P$ is integrable.
Here is the reason I made :
Let be $x in M$. Let be $U$ a small neighbourhood of $x$ and $(a_{i})_{i in <n-k+1, n>}$ 1-differentials forms and $(X_{i})_{i in <1, n>}$ smooth vectorial fields construct the following way : lets complete $(alpha_{i}(x))_{i in <1, n-k>}$ in a base $(alpha_{i}(x))_{i in <1, n>}$ of $T^{*}_{x}M$. We can suppose $U$ small enough such that it's the domain of a map $phi$. For all $i in <n-k+1, n>$, $alpha_{i}(x) = sum_{j = 1}^{n}a_{j}^{i}d(phi_{j})(x)$. As the determinant is a continuous map we can suppose $U$ small enough such that $alpha_{i}(.) := dbeta_{i}(.)$(where $beta_{i}(.) = sum_{j = 1}^{n}a_{j}^{i}phi_{j}(.)$) is such that for all $y in U$, $(alpha_{i}(x))_{i in <1, n>}$ is a base of $T_{y}^{*}M$. Now we can construct $(X_{i})_{i in <1, n>}$ smotth vectorial fields on $U$ such that $alpha_{i}(X_{j}) = delta_{ij}(1)$ on $U$.
Now, I wrote $[X_{i}, X_{j}] = sum_{l = 1}^{n}c_{ij}^{l}X_{l}$ and using $(1)$ I show $d alpha_{l} = -sum_{i < j} c_{ij}^{l} alpha_{i} wedge alpha_{j} (3)$.
As $P$ is integrable, $c_{ij}^{h} equiv 0$ on $U$ if $i, j in <n-k+1, n>$ and $h in <1, n-k>(*)$. So using $(*)$$ d omega = sum_{l = 1}^{n-k}epsilon_{l}' omega wedge sum_{i in <n-k +1, n>}c_{il}^{l} alpha_{i}$ where $epsilon_{l}' in {pm 1}(2)$. So in $(2)$, $d omega = omega wedge sum_{l = 1}^{n-k}epsilon_{l}' sum_{i in <n-k +1, n>}c_{il}^{l} dbeta_{i}$. Let's considering $f = e^{(-1)^{n-k} times (sum_{l = 1}^{n-k}epsilon_{l}' sum_{i in <n-k +1, n>}c_{il}^{l} beta_{i})}$ which is smooth and positive on $U$. So $d(fomega) = (-1)^{n-k}f times ((sum_{l = 1}^{n-k}epsilon_{l}' sum_{i in <n-k +1, n>}c_{il}^{l} dbeta_{i}) wedge omega - (sum_{l = 1}^{n-k}epsilon_{l}' sum_{i in <n-k +1, n>}dc_{il}^{l} beta_{i} ) wedge omega) - f domega = (sum_{l = 1}^{n-k}epsilon_{l}' sum_{i in <n-k +1, n>}dc_{il}^{l} beta_{i} ) wedge omega + f domega - f domega = (sum_{l = 1}^{n-k}epsilon_{l}' sum_{i in <n-k +1, n>}dc_{il}^{l} beta_{i} ) wedge omega$
on $U$.
If I show $(sum_{l = 1}^{n-k}epsilon_{l}' sum_{i in <n-k +1, n>}dc_{il}^{l} beta_{i} ) wedge omega = 0$ on $U$ I'll won.
I try to differentiate the expression $(3)$ but it doesn't give me informations. If the $c_{lj}^{l}$ could be constant. But I don't have freedom to choose them in constant in my construction.
Do you have ideas?
Thanks for all the answers and merry Christmas again.
differential-forms differential
$endgroup$
first merry Christmas to the team. Now let be $M$ a manifold of dimension $n in mathbb{N}$. Let be $alpha_{1}, alpha_{2}, ..., alpha_{n-k}$ $n-k$ $1$-forms linearly independent in each points of $M$. I suppose those forms are smooth. For all $x in M$, let be $P_{x} = bigcap_{i = 1}^{n-k}Ker(alpha_{i}(x))$ and $omega = alpha_{1} wedge alpha_{2} wedge ... wedge alpha_{n-k}$.
I shown $P$ is a subbundle of $TM$.
I would like to show that [for all $x in M$ it exists $f in C^{infty}(M)$ such that $f(x) neq 0$ and such that $d(fomega) = 0$ on neighbourhood of $x$] if I suppose $P$ is integrable.
Here is the reason I made :
Let be $x in M$. Let be $U$ a small neighbourhood of $x$ and $(a_{i})_{i in <n-k+1, n>}$ 1-differentials forms and $(X_{i})_{i in <1, n>}$ smooth vectorial fields construct the following way : lets complete $(alpha_{i}(x))_{i in <1, n-k>}$ in a base $(alpha_{i}(x))_{i in <1, n>}$ of $T^{*}_{x}M$. We can suppose $U$ small enough such that it's the domain of a map $phi$. For all $i in <n-k+1, n>$, $alpha_{i}(x) = sum_{j = 1}^{n}a_{j}^{i}d(phi_{j})(x)$. As the determinant is a continuous map we can suppose $U$ small enough such that $alpha_{i}(.) := dbeta_{i}(.)$(where $beta_{i}(.) = sum_{j = 1}^{n}a_{j}^{i}phi_{j}(.)$) is such that for all $y in U$, $(alpha_{i}(x))_{i in <1, n>}$ is a base of $T_{y}^{*}M$. Now we can construct $(X_{i})_{i in <1, n>}$ smotth vectorial fields on $U$ such that $alpha_{i}(X_{j}) = delta_{ij}(1)$ on $U$.
Now, I wrote $[X_{i}, X_{j}] = sum_{l = 1}^{n}c_{ij}^{l}X_{l}$ and using $(1)$ I show $d alpha_{l} = -sum_{i < j} c_{ij}^{l} alpha_{i} wedge alpha_{j} (3)$.
As $P$ is integrable, $c_{ij}^{h} equiv 0$ on $U$ if $i, j in <n-k+1, n>$ and $h in <1, n-k>(*)$. So using $(*)$$ d omega = sum_{l = 1}^{n-k}epsilon_{l}' omega wedge sum_{i in <n-k +1, n>}c_{il}^{l} alpha_{i}$ where $epsilon_{l}' in {pm 1}(2)$. So in $(2)$, $d omega = omega wedge sum_{l = 1}^{n-k}epsilon_{l}' sum_{i in <n-k +1, n>}c_{il}^{l} dbeta_{i}$. Let's considering $f = e^{(-1)^{n-k} times (sum_{l = 1}^{n-k}epsilon_{l}' sum_{i in <n-k +1, n>}c_{il}^{l} beta_{i})}$ which is smooth and positive on $U$. So $d(fomega) = (-1)^{n-k}f times ((sum_{l = 1}^{n-k}epsilon_{l}' sum_{i in <n-k +1, n>}c_{il}^{l} dbeta_{i}) wedge omega - (sum_{l = 1}^{n-k}epsilon_{l}' sum_{i in <n-k +1, n>}dc_{il}^{l} beta_{i} ) wedge omega) - f domega = (sum_{l = 1}^{n-k}epsilon_{l}' sum_{i in <n-k +1, n>}dc_{il}^{l} beta_{i} ) wedge omega + f domega - f domega = (sum_{l = 1}^{n-k}epsilon_{l}' sum_{i in <n-k +1, n>}dc_{il}^{l} beta_{i} ) wedge omega$
on $U$.
If I show $(sum_{l = 1}^{n-k}epsilon_{l}' sum_{i in <n-k +1, n>}dc_{il}^{l} beta_{i} ) wedge omega = 0$ on $U$ I'll won.
I try to differentiate the expression $(3)$ but it doesn't give me informations. If the $c_{lj}^{l}$ could be constant. But I don't have freedom to choose them in constant in my construction.
Do you have ideas?
Thanks for all the answers and merry Christmas again.
differential-forms differential
differential-forms differential
asked Dec 25 '18 at 16:08
Jean lucJean luc
61
61
$begingroup$
I'll be honest and admit I didn't read everything you wrote. Do you know the equivalent criterion for integrability that $dalpha_iequiv 0pmod{langle alpha_jrangle}$? If so, that will tell you that $domega equiv 0pmod{langleomegarangle}$. Does that help?
$endgroup$
– Ted Shifrin
Dec 25 '18 at 21:40
add a comment |
$begingroup$
I'll be honest and admit I didn't read everything you wrote. Do you know the equivalent criterion for integrability that $dalpha_iequiv 0pmod{langle alpha_jrangle}$? If so, that will tell you that $domega equiv 0pmod{langleomegarangle}$. Does that help?
$endgroup$
– Ted Shifrin
Dec 25 '18 at 21:40
$begingroup$
I'll be honest and admit I didn't read everything you wrote. Do you know the equivalent criterion for integrability that $dalpha_iequiv 0pmod{langle alpha_jrangle}$? If so, that will tell you that $domega equiv 0pmod{langleomegarangle}$. Does that help?
$endgroup$
– Ted Shifrin
Dec 25 '18 at 21:40
$begingroup$
I'll be honest and admit I didn't read everything you wrote. Do you know the equivalent criterion for integrability that $dalpha_iequiv 0pmod{langle alpha_jrangle}$? If so, that will tell you that $domega equiv 0pmod{langleomegarangle}$. Does that help?
$endgroup$
– Ted Shifrin
Dec 25 '18 at 21:40
add a comment |
1 Answer
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$begingroup$
thank you for your answer. The criterion you gave to me is the Froebenius theorem I use to get (2).
And at the end I get $d omega = 0 mod (<omega>)$ : more precisely I get $ d omega = omega wedge sum_{l = 1}^{n-k}epsilon_{l}' sum_{i in <n-k +1, n>}c_{il}^{l} dbeta_{i} $ but then I can't conclude at the end.
If the $c_{il}^{l}$ where constants on $U$ I could conclude with the function $f$ I wrote.
Perhaps you have got an another idea?
I wish you a good day.
$endgroup$
add a comment |
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$begingroup$
thank you for your answer. The criterion you gave to me is the Froebenius theorem I use to get (2).
And at the end I get $d omega = 0 mod (<omega>)$ : more precisely I get $ d omega = omega wedge sum_{l = 1}^{n-k}epsilon_{l}' sum_{i in <n-k +1, n>}c_{il}^{l} dbeta_{i} $ but then I can't conclude at the end.
If the $c_{il}^{l}$ where constants on $U$ I could conclude with the function $f$ I wrote.
Perhaps you have got an another idea?
I wish you a good day.
$endgroup$
add a comment |
$begingroup$
thank you for your answer. The criterion you gave to me is the Froebenius theorem I use to get (2).
And at the end I get $d omega = 0 mod (<omega>)$ : more precisely I get $ d omega = omega wedge sum_{l = 1}^{n-k}epsilon_{l}' sum_{i in <n-k +1, n>}c_{il}^{l} dbeta_{i} $ but then I can't conclude at the end.
If the $c_{il}^{l}$ where constants on $U$ I could conclude with the function $f$ I wrote.
Perhaps you have got an another idea?
I wish you a good day.
$endgroup$
add a comment |
$begingroup$
thank you for your answer. The criterion you gave to me is the Froebenius theorem I use to get (2).
And at the end I get $d omega = 0 mod (<omega>)$ : more precisely I get $ d omega = omega wedge sum_{l = 1}^{n-k}epsilon_{l}' sum_{i in <n-k +1, n>}c_{il}^{l} dbeta_{i} $ but then I can't conclude at the end.
If the $c_{il}^{l}$ where constants on $U$ I could conclude with the function $f$ I wrote.
Perhaps you have got an another idea?
I wish you a good day.
$endgroup$
thank you for your answer. The criterion you gave to me is the Froebenius theorem I use to get (2).
And at the end I get $d omega = 0 mod (<omega>)$ : more precisely I get $ d omega = omega wedge sum_{l = 1}^{n-k}epsilon_{l}' sum_{i in <n-k +1, n>}c_{il}^{l} dbeta_{i} $ but then I can't conclude at the end.
If the $c_{il}^{l}$ where constants on $U$ I could conclude with the function $f$ I wrote.
Perhaps you have got an another idea?
I wish you a good day.
answered Dec 26 '18 at 15:45
Jean lucJean luc
61
61
add a comment |
add a comment |
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$begingroup$
I'll be honest and admit I didn't read everything you wrote. Do you know the equivalent criterion for integrability that $dalpha_iequiv 0pmod{langle alpha_jrangle}$? If so, that will tell you that $domega equiv 0pmod{langleomegarangle}$. Does that help?
$endgroup$
– Ted Shifrin
Dec 25 '18 at 21:40