Attempt at sequence proof $frac{n+3}{n^2 -3}$ converges to $0$











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Prove convergence of the following sequence: $$frac{n+3}{n^2 -3} rightarrow 0$$




Proof discussion:



Notice that since whenever $n>3$, we have $n^2 -3 >0$, we also know that $n+3 >0$, so $frac{n+3}{n^2 -3}>0$. This means we can drop the absolute value signs in:
$$ left|frac{n+3}{n^2 -3}-0right|=frac{n+3}{n^2 -3} $$
We now notice that for $n>3$ also $n^2 -9>0$ and $n^2 -3 > n^2 -9$ so $frac{1}{n^2 -3}< frac{1}{n^2 -9}$ we can thus write:
$$frac{n+3}{n^2 -3}<frac{n+3}{n^2 -9}=frac{(n+3)}{(n+3)(n-3)}=frac{1}{n-3} $$



To be able to complete this proof we want that $frac{1}{n-3}<epsilon$, we write $n-3>frac{1}{epsilon}$ or $n> frac{1}{epsilon} +3$. If we pick $n_0 =lceilfrac{1}{epsilon} +3rceil$, it will also be automatically larger than $3$. We can now write our proof:



Proof:
For all $epsilon>0$, we let $n_0=lceil{frac{1}{epsilon}+3 }rceil$ then for all $n>n_0$, we know that:



$$|a_n-0|=left|frac{n+3}{n^2-3} right|<frac{n+3}{n^2-9}=frac{1}{n-3}< frac{1}{frac{1}{epsilon}+3-3}=epsilon$$
And hence our sequence converges to $0$ $square$.



Is my proof okay?










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  • 1




    I think you should make explicit that since $epsilon>0$, then $n_0geq 4$, so the denominator in $leftlvertfrac{n+3}{n^2-3}rightrvert$ is positive, so you can remove the absolute value sign. Otherwise, I think the proof is perfect.
    – YiFan
    yesterday






  • 1




    Yes, perfect! Just another small mistake: twice you wrote $epsilon$ instead of $1/epsilon$. I guess it was just a type since you continued correctly.
    – maxmilgram
    yesterday










  • I do make the case that the denominator is positive, It's in the first line.
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday










  • Maybe I should say it explicitly.
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday















up vote
4
down vote

favorite
1













Prove convergence of the following sequence: $$frac{n+3}{n^2 -3} rightarrow 0$$




Proof discussion:



Notice that since whenever $n>3$, we have $n^2 -3 >0$, we also know that $n+3 >0$, so $frac{n+3}{n^2 -3}>0$. This means we can drop the absolute value signs in:
$$ left|frac{n+3}{n^2 -3}-0right|=frac{n+3}{n^2 -3} $$
We now notice that for $n>3$ also $n^2 -9>0$ and $n^2 -3 > n^2 -9$ so $frac{1}{n^2 -3}< frac{1}{n^2 -9}$ we can thus write:
$$frac{n+3}{n^2 -3}<frac{n+3}{n^2 -9}=frac{(n+3)}{(n+3)(n-3)}=frac{1}{n-3} $$



To be able to complete this proof we want that $frac{1}{n-3}<epsilon$, we write $n-3>frac{1}{epsilon}$ or $n> frac{1}{epsilon} +3$. If we pick $n_0 =lceilfrac{1}{epsilon} +3rceil$, it will also be automatically larger than $3$. We can now write our proof:



Proof:
For all $epsilon>0$, we let $n_0=lceil{frac{1}{epsilon}+3 }rceil$ then for all $n>n_0$, we know that:



$$|a_n-0|=left|frac{n+3}{n^2-3} right|<frac{n+3}{n^2-9}=frac{1}{n-3}< frac{1}{frac{1}{epsilon}+3-3}=epsilon$$
And hence our sequence converges to $0$ $square$.



Is my proof okay?










share|cite|improve this question




















  • 1




    I think you should make explicit that since $epsilon>0$, then $n_0geq 4$, so the denominator in $leftlvertfrac{n+3}{n^2-3}rightrvert$ is positive, so you can remove the absolute value sign. Otherwise, I think the proof is perfect.
    – YiFan
    yesterday






  • 1




    Yes, perfect! Just another small mistake: twice you wrote $epsilon$ instead of $1/epsilon$. I guess it was just a type since you continued correctly.
    – maxmilgram
    yesterday










  • I do make the case that the denominator is positive, It's in the first line.
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday










  • Maybe I should say it explicitly.
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday













up vote
4
down vote

favorite
1









up vote
4
down vote

favorite
1






1






Prove convergence of the following sequence: $$frac{n+3}{n^2 -3} rightarrow 0$$




Proof discussion:



Notice that since whenever $n>3$, we have $n^2 -3 >0$, we also know that $n+3 >0$, so $frac{n+3}{n^2 -3}>0$. This means we can drop the absolute value signs in:
$$ left|frac{n+3}{n^2 -3}-0right|=frac{n+3}{n^2 -3} $$
We now notice that for $n>3$ also $n^2 -9>0$ and $n^2 -3 > n^2 -9$ so $frac{1}{n^2 -3}< frac{1}{n^2 -9}$ we can thus write:
$$frac{n+3}{n^2 -3}<frac{n+3}{n^2 -9}=frac{(n+3)}{(n+3)(n-3)}=frac{1}{n-3} $$



To be able to complete this proof we want that $frac{1}{n-3}<epsilon$, we write $n-3>frac{1}{epsilon}$ or $n> frac{1}{epsilon} +3$. If we pick $n_0 =lceilfrac{1}{epsilon} +3rceil$, it will also be automatically larger than $3$. We can now write our proof:



Proof:
For all $epsilon>0$, we let $n_0=lceil{frac{1}{epsilon}+3 }rceil$ then for all $n>n_0$, we know that:



$$|a_n-0|=left|frac{n+3}{n^2-3} right|<frac{n+3}{n^2-9}=frac{1}{n-3}< frac{1}{frac{1}{epsilon}+3-3}=epsilon$$
And hence our sequence converges to $0$ $square$.



Is my proof okay?










share|cite|improve this question
















Prove convergence of the following sequence: $$frac{n+3}{n^2 -3} rightarrow 0$$




Proof discussion:



Notice that since whenever $n>3$, we have $n^2 -3 >0$, we also know that $n+3 >0$, so $frac{n+3}{n^2 -3}>0$. This means we can drop the absolute value signs in:
$$ left|frac{n+3}{n^2 -3}-0right|=frac{n+3}{n^2 -3} $$
We now notice that for $n>3$ also $n^2 -9>0$ and $n^2 -3 > n^2 -9$ so $frac{1}{n^2 -3}< frac{1}{n^2 -9}$ we can thus write:
$$frac{n+3}{n^2 -3}<frac{n+3}{n^2 -9}=frac{(n+3)}{(n+3)(n-3)}=frac{1}{n-3} $$



To be able to complete this proof we want that $frac{1}{n-3}<epsilon$, we write $n-3>frac{1}{epsilon}$ or $n> frac{1}{epsilon} +3$. If we pick $n_0 =lceilfrac{1}{epsilon} +3rceil$, it will also be automatically larger than $3$. We can now write our proof:



Proof:
For all $epsilon>0$, we let $n_0=lceil{frac{1}{epsilon}+3 }rceil$ then for all $n>n_0$, we know that:



$$|a_n-0|=left|frac{n+3}{n^2-3} right|<frac{n+3}{n^2-9}=frac{1}{n-3}< frac{1}{frac{1}{epsilon}+3-3}=epsilon$$
And hence our sequence converges to $0$ $square$.



Is my proof okay?







real-analysis sequences-and-series proof-verification epsilon-delta






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share|cite|improve this question













share|cite|improve this question




share|cite|improve this question








edited yesterday

























asked yesterday









WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo

773217




773217








  • 1




    I think you should make explicit that since $epsilon>0$, then $n_0geq 4$, so the denominator in $leftlvertfrac{n+3}{n^2-3}rightrvert$ is positive, so you can remove the absolute value sign. Otherwise, I think the proof is perfect.
    – YiFan
    yesterday






  • 1




    Yes, perfect! Just another small mistake: twice you wrote $epsilon$ instead of $1/epsilon$. I guess it was just a type since you continued correctly.
    – maxmilgram
    yesterday










  • I do make the case that the denominator is positive, It's in the first line.
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday










  • Maybe I should say it explicitly.
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday














  • 1




    I think you should make explicit that since $epsilon>0$, then $n_0geq 4$, so the denominator in $leftlvertfrac{n+3}{n^2-3}rightrvert$ is positive, so you can remove the absolute value sign. Otherwise, I think the proof is perfect.
    – YiFan
    yesterday






  • 1




    Yes, perfect! Just another small mistake: twice you wrote $epsilon$ instead of $1/epsilon$. I guess it was just a type since you continued correctly.
    – maxmilgram
    yesterday










  • I do make the case that the denominator is positive, It's in the first line.
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday










  • Maybe I should say it explicitly.
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday








1




1




I think you should make explicit that since $epsilon>0$, then $n_0geq 4$, so the denominator in $leftlvertfrac{n+3}{n^2-3}rightrvert$ is positive, so you can remove the absolute value sign. Otherwise, I think the proof is perfect.
– YiFan
yesterday




I think you should make explicit that since $epsilon>0$, then $n_0geq 4$, so the denominator in $leftlvertfrac{n+3}{n^2-3}rightrvert$ is positive, so you can remove the absolute value sign. Otherwise, I think the proof is perfect.
– YiFan
yesterday




1




1




Yes, perfect! Just another small mistake: twice you wrote $epsilon$ instead of $1/epsilon$. I guess it was just a type since you continued correctly.
– maxmilgram
yesterday




Yes, perfect! Just another small mistake: twice you wrote $epsilon$ instead of $1/epsilon$. I guess it was just a type since you continued correctly.
– maxmilgram
yesterday












I do make the case that the denominator is positive, It's in the first line.
– WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
yesterday




I do make the case that the denominator is positive, It's in the first line.
– WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
yesterday












Maybe I should say it explicitly.
– WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
yesterday




Maybe I should say it explicitly.
– WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
yesterday










2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes

















up vote
2
down vote



accepted










Yup, the proof is correct.



Also, "we write $n-3>color{blue}{frac1{epsilon}}$"






share|cite|improve this answer























  • Why is this an inequality and not an equality? we can just cancel the $n+3$ right?
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday






  • 1




    oops, you are right. I made a mistake.
    – Siong Thye Goh
    yesterday










  • Thank you. I did do a typo :) you were right about that
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday








  • 1




    huzzah! I've done it :D
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday


















up vote
2
down vote













Alternatively, decompose



$$frac{n+3}{n^2-3}=frac1{n-sqrt3}+(3-sqrt3)frac1{n^2-3}$$



and the two terms are of the form $dfrac1infty$.






share|cite|improve this answer





















  • That could work later on in the course, right now I am not yet allowed to use this.
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday










  • I realised this is okay since sequences map to $mathbb{R}$, so you can write it in this manner.
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday










  • @WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo: isn't $epsilon$ in $mathbb R$ ?
    – Yves Daoust
    yesterday










  • Yes, of course :)
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday











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2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes








2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes









active

oldest

votes






active

oldest

votes








up vote
2
down vote



accepted










Yup, the proof is correct.



Also, "we write $n-3>color{blue}{frac1{epsilon}}$"






share|cite|improve this answer























  • Why is this an inequality and not an equality? we can just cancel the $n+3$ right?
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday






  • 1




    oops, you are right. I made a mistake.
    – Siong Thye Goh
    yesterday










  • Thank you. I did do a typo :) you were right about that
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday








  • 1




    huzzah! I've done it :D
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday















up vote
2
down vote



accepted










Yup, the proof is correct.



Also, "we write $n-3>color{blue}{frac1{epsilon}}$"






share|cite|improve this answer























  • Why is this an inequality and not an equality? we can just cancel the $n+3$ right?
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday






  • 1




    oops, you are right. I made a mistake.
    – Siong Thye Goh
    yesterday










  • Thank you. I did do a typo :) you were right about that
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday








  • 1




    huzzah! I've done it :D
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday













up vote
2
down vote



accepted







up vote
2
down vote



accepted






Yup, the proof is correct.



Also, "we write $n-3>color{blue}{frac1{epsilon}}$"






share|cite|improve this answer














Yup, the proof is correct.



Also, "we write $n-3>color{blue}{frac1{epsilon}}$"







share|cite|improve this answer














share|cite|improve this answer



share|cite|improve this answer








edited yesterday

























answered yesterday









Siong Thye Goh

92.6k1462114




92.6k1462114












  • Why is this an inequality and not an equality? we can just cancel the $n+3$ right?
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday






  • 1




    oops, you are right. I made a mistake.
    – Siong Thye Goh
    yesterday










  • Thank you. I did do a typo :) you were right about that
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday








  • 1




    huzzah! I've done it :D
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday


















  • Why is this an inequality and not an equality? we can just cancel the $n+3$ right?
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday






  • 1




    oops, you are right. I made a mistake.
    – Siong Thye Goh
    yesterday










  • Thank you. I did do a typo :) you were right about that
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday








  • 1




    huzzah! I've done it :D
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday
















Why is this an inequality and not an equality? we can just cancel the $n+3$ right?
– WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
yesterday




Why is this an inequality and not an equality? we can just cancel the $n+3$ right?
– WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
yesterday




1




1




oops, you are right. I made a mistake.
– Siong Thye Goh
yesterday




oops, you are right. I made a mistake.
– Siong Thye Goh
yesterday












Thank you. I did do a typo :) you were right about that
– WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
yesterday






Thank you. I did do a typo :) you were right about that
– WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
yesterday






1




1




huzzah! I've done it :D
– WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
yesterday




huzzah! I've done it :D
– WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
yesterday










up vote
2
down vote













Alternatively, decompose



$$frac{n+3}{n^2-3}=frac1{n-sqrt3}+(3-sqrt3)frac1{n^2-3}$$



and the two terms are of the form $dfrac1infty$.






share|cite|improve this answer





















  • That could work later on in the course, right now I am not yet allowed to use this.
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday










  • I realised this is okay since sequences map to $mathbb{R}$, so you can write it in this manner.
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday










  • @WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo: isn't $epsilon$ in $mathbb R$ ?
    – Yves Daoust
    yesterday










  • Yes, of course :)
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday















up vote
2
down vote













Alternatively, decompose



$$frac{n+3}{n^2-3}=frac1{n-sqrt3}+(3-sqrt3)frac1{n^2-3}$$



and the two terms are of the form $dfrac1infty$.






share|cite|improve this answer





















  • That could work later on in the course, right now I am not yet allowed to use this.
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday










  • I realised this is okay since sequences map to $mathbb{R}$, so you can write it in this manner.
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday










  • @WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo: isn't $epsilon$ in $mathbb R$ ?
    – Yves Daoust
    yesterday










  • Yes, of course :)
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday













up vote
2
down vote










up vote
2
down vote









Alternatively, decompose



$$frac{n+3}{n^2-3}=frac1{n-sqrt3}+(3-sqrt3)frac1{n^2-3}$$



and the two terms are of the form $dfrac1infty$.






share|cite|improve this answer












Alternatively, decompose



$$frac{n+3}{n^2-3}=frac1{n-sqrt3}+(3-sqrt3)frac1{n^2-3}$$



and the two terms are of the form $dfrac1infty$.







share|cite|improve this answer












share|cite|improve this answer



share|cite|improve this answer










answered yesterday









Yves Daoust

121k668217




121k668217












  • That could work later on in the course, right now I am not yet allowed to use this.
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday










  • I realised this is okay since sequences map to $mathbb{R}$, so you can write it in this manner.
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday










  • @WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo: isn't $epsilon$ in $mathbb R$ ?
    – Yves Daoust
    yesterday










  • Yes, of course :)
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday


















  • That could work later on in the course, right now I am not yet allowed to use this.
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday










  • I realised this is okay since sequences map to $mathbb{R}$, so you can write it in this manner.
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday










  • @WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo: isn't $epsilon$ in $mathbb R$ ?
    – Yves Daoust
    yesterday










  • Yes, of course :)
    – WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
    yesterday
















That could work later on in the course, right now I am not yet allowed to use this.
– WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
yesterday




That could work later on in the course, right now I am not yet allowed to use this.
– WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
yesterday












I realised this is okay since sequences map to $mathbb{R}$, so you can write it in this manner.
– WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
yesterday




I realised this is okay since sequences map to $mathbb{R}$, so you can write it in this manner.
– WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
yesterday












@WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo: isn't $epsilon$ in $mathbb R$ ?
– Yves Daoust
yesterday




@WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo: isn't $epsilon$ in $mathbb R$ ?
– Yves Daoust
yesterday












Yes, of course :)
– WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
yesterday




Yes, of course :)
– WesleyGroupshaveFeelingsToo
yesterday


















 

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